The Indian Constitution – a historic document that functions as the framework of the country’s legal framework. As the lengthiest written national constitution in the world, it thoroughly delineates the fundamental principles, structures, and procedures that administer India’s institutions, while also outlining the powers and responsibilities of the government and its citizens.

With its priority on constitutional dominance rather than parliamentary dominance as seen in the United Kingdom, this document was carefully crafted by a constituent assembly, and not by a parliamentary body.
In its preamble, the Constitution sets forth a proclamation that emphasizes its importance and especially, it does not contain any clauses that limit the powers of the parliament to modify its contents.

However, the Supreme Court, in the historic decision case of Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala, established the “Basic Structure” Doctrine, which asserts that certain essential features of the Constitution are so essential to its operating that they can never be changed or deleted

The roots of the Indian Constitution were laid in the Government of India Act 1935, primarily formulated by Samuel Hoare – and it was this document that established the foundation for the Constitution that would at some point emerge.

On 26 November 1949, the Constituent Assembly of India officially ratified the Constitution, which came into effect on 26 January 1950, marking a turning point juncture in the country’s history – as the Dominion of India gave way to the Republic of India.

Incidentally, to stipulates the Constitution’s indigenous nature, its architects knowingly abrogated preceding acts of the British parliament, as enacts in Article 395.